pancreas and Function of pancreas

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 PANCREAS:

 • pancreas is a dual organ having two function namely endocrine function and exocrine function

 • endocrine function is concerned with production of hormone and the exocrine function is concerned with the secretion of digestive juice called pancreatic juice

FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF EXOCRINE PART OF PANCREAS

 • exocrine part of pancreas resembles salivary gland in a structure that is made of acini or alveoli.

 • each Acinus has single layer acinar cell with luman in the centre , acinar cells contain zymogen granules which posess digestive enzymes.

 • a small duct arises from lumen of each alveolus , and unit to form intralobular duct .

 • all the intralobular duct unit to form main duct of pancreas called Wirsung duct.

 • Wirsung duct joins common bile duct to form ampulla of Vater, which opens into duodenum.

 • In some persons, an accessory duct called duct of Santorini exists

FUNCTIONL anatomy of endocrine part of Pancreas:

 • Endocrine function of pancreas is performed by the islets of Langerhans.

 • Human pancreas contains about 1 to 2 million islets.

 • Islets of Langerhans consist of four types of cells:

 a. A cells or alpha-cells ,secrete glucagon

 b. B cells or bita-cells , secrete insulin

 c. D cells or delta-cells , secrete stomatostatin

 d. F cells or PP cells , secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

FUNCTIONS Of pancreas

pancreas has dual function-exocrine and endocrine function .

Exocrine function

The exocrine function is concerned with the secretion of digestive juices called pancreatic juice.

 • Serous acini of exocrine pancreas secrete pancreatic juice and many digestive enzyme

Endocrine function

 • Endocrine function is concerned with production of hormone.

 • Islets of langerhans contain three types of cell -alpha cells, beta cell and Delta cell

 a. Alpha cells secrete a hormone called glucagon and helps in increasing blood glucose level.

 b. Beta cells secrete insulin and helps in decreasing the blood glucose level to normal.

 c. Delta cells produce few local hormone like gastrin , stomatostatin and VIP ( vaso-active intestinal polypeptide) which produce local effect on GI-Tract.


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