Blood grouping , ABO blood groups

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 Determination of ABO blood groups depends upon the immunological reaction between antigen and antibody.

Based on the presence or absence of antigen A and antigen B, blood is divided into four groups:

 1. ‘A’ group

 Blood having antigen A belongs to ‘A’ group. This blood has B (bita )-antibody.

 2. ‘B’ group

 Blood with antigen B and a(alpha)-antibody belongs to B group.

 3. ‘AB’ group

 If both the antigens are present , blood group is called AB group.and serum of this group does not contain any antibody.

 4. ‘O’ group

 If both antigens are absent , the blood group is called O group. and both a(alpha) and B(bita) antibodies are present in the serum.

'A' Group has two subgroups namely 'A1' and 'A2'. Similarly 'AB' group has two subgroups namely 'A1B' and 'A2B'.


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