origin insertion of muscles

 

 1. Trapezius Muscles

Origin:-

 • External occipital protuberance

 • superior nuchal line

 • ligamentum nuchae

 • and spines of C7–T12

Insertion:-

 • Spine of scapula, acromion, and lateral third of clavicle

Nerve supply:-

 • Spinal accessory nerve; C3–C4

Actions:-

 • Adducts, rotates, elevates, and depresses scapula

 2. biceps brachii

Origin:-

 • Long head from supraglenoid tubercle;

 • short head from coracoid process

Insertion:-

 • Radial tuberosity of radius.

Nerve supply:-

 • Musculocutaneous nerve

Actions:-

 • Flexes arm and forearm, supinates forearm

 3. sternocleidomastoid:-

Origin:-

 • sternal head :-from the manubrium sterni.

 • clavicular head:-from one-third of clavicle.

Insertion:-

 • mastoid process and lateral half of the superior nuchal line.

Nerve supply:-

 • spinal accessory nerve

 • C2–C8 (sensory)

Action:-

 • Singly turns face toward opposite side;

 • together flex head, raise thorax

 4. Sartorius(tailor's muscle)

Origin:-

 • Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion:-

 • Upper medial side of tibia

Nerve supply:-

 • Femoral nerve

Actions:-

 • Flexes and rotates thigh laterally,

 • flexes and rotates leg medially

 5. Deltoid

Origin:-

 • Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Insertion:-

 • deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Nerve supply:-

 • Axillary nerve

Actions:-

 • Abducts, adducts, flexes, extends, and rotates arm medially and laterally

 6. gluteus maximus

Origin:-

 • Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion:-

 • gluteal tuberosity (1/4th part)

 • iliotibial tract (3/4 th part)

Nerve supply:-

 • Inferior gluteal nerve

Actions:-

 • Extends and rotates thigh laterally

 7. Pectoralis Major

Origin:-

 • Medial half of clavicle

 • manubrium and body of sternum

 • upper six costal cartilages

Insertion:-

 • Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Nerve supply:-

 • Lateral and medial pectoral

Action:-

 • Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm

 8. Pectoralis Minor

Origin:-

 • Third, fourth, and fifth ribs

Insertion:-

 • Coracoid process of scapula

Nerve supply:-

 • Medial (and lateral) pectoral

Action:-

 • Depresses scapula; elevates ribs

 9. Brachialis

Origin:-

 • Lower anterior surface of humerus

Insertion:-

 • Coronoid process of ulna and ulnar tuberosity

Nerve supply:-

 • Musculocutaneous

Actions:-

 • Flexes forearm

 10. Soleus muscle

Origin:-

 • head of fibula , soleal line on tibia

Insertion:-

 • Posterior aspect of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus

Nerve supply:-

 • Tibial

Action:-

 • Plantar flexes foot

 11. Digastric muscle

Origin:-

 • Anterior belly from digastric fossa of mandible

 • posterior belly from mastoid notch

Insertion:-

 • Intermediate tendon attached to body of hyoid

Nerve supply:-

 • Posterior belly by facial nerve;

 • anterior belly by mylohyoid nerve of trigeminal nerve

Action:-

 • Elevates hyoid and floor of mouth

 • depresses mandible

 12. Supinator muscle

Origin:-

 • Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral and annular ligaments,

 • supinator fossa and crest of ulna

Insertion:-

 • Lateral side of upper part of radius

Nerve supply:-

 • Radial

Action:-

 • Supinates forearm

 13. Rectus abdominis

Origin:-

 • Pubic crest and pubic symphysis

Insertion:-

 • Xiphoid process and costal cartilages 5,6, and 7

Nerve supply:-

 • Intercostal (T7–T11)

 • subcostal (T12)

Action:-

 • Depresses ribs

 • flexes trunk

 14. Latissimus dorsi

Origin:-

 • Spines of T7–T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9–12

Insertion:-

 • Floor of bicipital groove of humerus

Nerve supply:-

 • Thoracodorsal

Action:-

 • Adducts, extends, and rotates arm medially

 15. Diaphragm

 ORIGIN:-

 • from the xiphoid process (sternal part),

 • lower six costal cartilages (costal part),

 • medial and lateral lumbocostal arches (lumbar part),

 • vertebrae L1 to L3 for the right crus, and vertebrae L1 to L2 for the left crus.

 INSERTION:-

 • into the central tendon and is the principal muscle of inspiration

 NERVE:-

 • Receives somatic motor fibers solely from the phrenic nerve;

 • its central part receives sensory fibers from the phrenic nerve,

 • the peripheral part receives sensory fibers from the intercostal nerves.

 ACTION:-

 • Ascends when it relaxes

 • Descends when it contracts.

 16. Masseter

 Origin:-

 • Lower border and medial surface of zygomatic arch

 Insertion:-

 • Lateral surface of coronoid process, ramus and angle of mandible

 Nerve:-

 • Trigeminal

 Action:-

 • Elevates (superficial part); retracts (deep part)

 17. Psoas major

 Origin:-

 • Transverse processes, intervertebral disks and bodies of T12–L5

 Insertion:-

 • Lesser trochanter

Nerve :-

 • L2–L3

Action:-

 • Flexes thigh and trunk